Happy TravellerWelcome to Nazca, a city located on the southern coast of Peru. This fascinating destination is known for its rich history, arid climate, and mysterious Nazca Lines. The name Nazca is derived from the Nazca culture, which thrived in the area between 100 BC and AD 800 and is responsible for the creation of the Nazca Lines and the ceremonial city of Cahuachi. Today, Nazca is the capital of the Nazca Province and a popular destination for tourists from around the world.
One of the main attractions in Nazca are the Nazca Lines, the famous desert line drawings created by the Nazca culture. These complex constructions projects were carried out by a hierarchical society from 500 BC to AD 500 and feature numerous formations of both animals and geometric designs. Contrary to popular belief, the lines and figures can be seen not only from an aircraft, but also from the surrounding foothills and other high places. Local tour companies offer flights over 12 main figures, including the famous hummingbird, condor, and monkey. In 1994, UNESCO declared the Nazca Lines a World Heritage Site.
Nazca is also known for its arid climate, which is one of the most arid regions in the world with an average annual precipitation of only 4 millimeters. The climate is controlled by the Humboldt Current, which carries water from Antarctica up the west coast of South America. This cold ocean water cools the air and limits the accumulation of moisture within clouds, resulting in little rain. Temperatures range from 10 to 32 °C with an average daily high of 21 °C. Summer months from November to March are dry, sunny, and hot, while during the winter from June to August, fog from the coast rolls over the hills to keep temperatures in the moderate range.
Nazca has a rich history, with two versions of the Spanish foundation. According to the writings of chroniclers, the city was founded on October 28, 1548, commissioned by Pedro de la Gasca, peacemaker by Alonso de Mendoza. The other version states that it was founded in 1591 by the Viceroy García Hurtado de Mendoza, 5th Marquis of Cañete. During the Spanish colonial period, Nazca was known for viticulture, producing wine and grape brandy (aguardiente de la uva). Locally, the brandy is known as Nasca. Today, the towns of San Javier and San José are known for the ruins of the large 18th-century baroque churches built during the Jesuit administration of these estates.
For those interested in the local culture, Nazca is home to the Martina Portocarrero Museum, which celebrates the life and work of the renowned folk singer, cultural researcher, and politician. There is also a small airport in Nazca, the Maria Reiche Neuman Airport, which is mainly used for touristic flights over the Nazca Lines.
Whether you’re interested in history, culture, or stunning landscapes, Nazca has something to offer every traveler. Don’t miss the opportunity to discover this hidden gem on your next trip to Peru.
